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THE RAISED PALM - The open palm is a sign of peace,
adopted by Jains in 1975, the 2,500th anniversary of the enlightenment of
the founder, Mahavira. The palm often has the word ahimsa written
on it, meaning non-violence: one of the basic articles of faith in this
religion.
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Jainism
The word "Jain" refers to a follower of the Jinas (a word
meaning "those who conquer"). Individuals known as Jinas were,
therefore, "conquerors' of this world and of their own fleshly existence.
Twenty-four such persons are revered in Jainism, the last of which was Mahavira,
the founder of this religion. These are also known as Tirthankaras, a
word that means "ford-maker" (a great teacher who guides others across
the "river' of transmigration).
His name was originally Vardhamana Jnatiputra. Born in 599
B.C., he was a contemporary of Buddha. Later on he was given the name Mahavira,
meaning "great hero," because of his courage and self-control. As the
son of a king, Mahavira was raised in royal and opulent surroundings. When both
his parents died, Mahavira wanted to renounce the world, but his brother
convinced him to stay home for two years. For these two years he practiced
self-discipline and abstaining from luxuries. During the last year of this stage
in his life, Mahavira gave charity to beggars every day.
At age thirty he totally renounced his princely life
including his wife, wealth, home, and clothing and for the next twelve years
spent his time in silence and deep meditation, fasting often. During this time,
Mahavira carefully avoided harming any living thing including plants. According
to Jainist tradition, at the end of this period he achieved keval-jnana
or "perfect perception, knowledge, and bliss." Mahavira then spent the
next thirty years traveling as a barefoot mendicant preaching his message on
non-violence and renunciation of the world.
Though it emerged in a predominantly Hindu culture, Jainism
rejects the idea that the Vedas are divinely inspired. However, they similarly
embrace a belief in reincarnation and the need for enlightenment in order to
escape the cycle of rebirths. Jainism, like Buddhism, is basically non-theistic,
though the worship of certain saints (siddhas) is promoted, and, most
importantly, the adoration of the Tirthankaras (the Jinas).
Non-violence to any living thing is a dominant doctrine in Jainism.
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to view what followers believe on that subject.
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